| Peer-Reviewed

Study on the Efficacy of Hydrotherapy Exercise Prescription on Walking Ability of Patients with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

Received: 27 September 2021     Accepted: 14 October 2021     Published: 30 October 2021
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Objective: Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common type of cerebral palsy and is characterized by increased skeletal muscle tone throughout the body, especially in the lower extremities. Long-term muscle spasticity and muscle strength imbalance can cause different degrees of fixed deformities in the lower extremities of cerebral palsy patients, which can seriously affect their walking ability and even their daily life. In this study, we will conduct hydrotherapy exercise prescription rehabilitation training for patients with spastic cerebral palsy aged 20-40 years old and analyze the effect of hydrotherapy exercise prescription on patients' walking ability using gait analysis system to provide a new idea of treatment for improving walking ability of cerebral palsy patients. Methods: Thirty-two patients with spastic cerebral palsy admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to February 2018 were selected as the experimental group, and a walking tank manufactured by HYDRO PHYSIO, UK, was used to maintain the water temperature at 34-40°C. 32 patients were rehabilitated with hydrotherapy exercise prescription for 8 weeks, 1 time/day, 20-30 min/time. In the experimental group, gait data were collected in Vicon 3D gait analysis system after 8 weeks. The gait data of 32 normal subjects in the control group and the gait data of the experimental group before and after treatment were compared and analyzed to study the effect of hydrotherapy exercise prescription on the walking ability of patients with spastic cerebral palsy aged 20-40 years. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, the patients' gait data in frequency, stride length, stride speed, single support and double support were significantly improved (p < 0.05). Conclusion Hydrotherapy exercise prescription is effective in the treatment of walking ability in patients with spastic cerebral palsy and helps patients' lower limb balance and stability, which is worthy of application and promotion.

Published in Rehabilitation Science (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12
Page(s) 60-65
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hydrotherapy, Exercise Prescription, Spastic Cerebral Palsy, Walking Ability

References
[1] Zhao Huiling, Li Xiaojie. Research progress in the etiology of cerebral palsy [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2018, 33 (03): 369-373.
[2] Zheng B. B., Wang J., Xu G. H.. Advances in the application of three-dimensional gait analysis system in the field of lower limb orthopaedic surgery for cerebral palsy [J]. Chinese contemporary medicine, 2019, 26 (14): 29-31.
[3] Opheim A, Jahnsen R, Olsson E, et al. Walking function, pain, and fatigue in adults with cerebral palsy: a 7-year fol-low- up study [J]. Dev Med Child Neurol, 2009, 51 (5): 381-388.
[4] Chen Xiujie, Li Shuchun. Definition, typology and diagnostic conditions of pediatric cerebral palsy [J]. Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2007, 29 (5): 309.
[5] Jin L, Cong F, Sifeng SH, et al. Comparison of the efficacy of warm water bath and hot water bath on the limitation of knee joint movement [J]. Chinese Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2012, 18 (5): 461-462.
[6] Ohata K, Tsuboyama T, Haruta T, et al. Relation betweenmuscle thickness, spasticity, and activity limitation in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy [J]. Dev Med ChildNeurol, 2008, 50 (2): 152-156.
[7] Gao Qunying, Luo Huaying, Lai Xuefeng, et al. Prediction of walking ability in 100 cases of children with cerebral palsy [J]. China Maternal and Child Health, 2010, 25 (34): 5042-5043.
[8] Zhu JF, Qian LF. The efficacy of exercise prescription in the functional rehabilitation of upper limbs in stroke patients with hemiplegia [J]. Journal of Kunming Medical College, 2011, 32 (09): 60-62+67.
[9] Wei Zongyong, Xiao Zhanhong. Study on the feasibility and effectiveness of physical and mental exercise prescription in stroke rehabilitation [J]. Chinese and foreign medical research, 2019, 17 (14): 176-178.
[10] Xu M. Y., Liang L. L., Zhang Z. X. Experience sharing of personalized development of exercise prescription for cardiopulmonary exercise rehabilitation in stroke patients [J]. Chinese geriatric health medicine, 2018, 16 (01): 6-7.
[11] Shi W, Yang H, Liao YG, et al. Preliminary study of gross motor function development in children with cerebral palsy at different levels from 1 to 6 years old [J]. Chinese Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2009, 15 (9): 815-818.
[12] Tang Dan, ed. Practical hydrotherapy techniques [M]. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2018.16.
[13] Bender T, Z Karagülle, GP Bálint, et al. Hydrotherapy, balneotherapy, and spa treatment in pain management [J]. Rheumatology International, 2005, 25 (3): 220-224.
[14] Wang J, Wang JQ, Wang Yizhao, Fang J, Cong F, Xu Q, Li Y, Chen Y, Zhang B, Jin L, Zhong HG, Cui Y, Huang Ben, Zeng XL, Chang YJ, Liao LIN R, Liao T, Zhai HH, Tan ZZ. Expert consensus on hydrotherapy rehabilitation techniques [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2019, 34 (07): 756760.
[15] Cong F, Cui Y. Chinese evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for aquatic exercise therapy in stroke (2019 edition) [J/OL]. Chinese Rehabilitation Theory and Practice: 1-14 [2019-10-21]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3759.R.20191008.1447.002.html.
[16] Hou Xiaohui, Wang Shen. Handbook of aquatic exercise therapy [M]. Beijing: Huaxia Publishing House, 2017. 2.
[17] Carroll LM, Volpe D, Morris ME, et al. Aquatic exercise therapy for people with parkinson disease: a randomized con-trolled trial [J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2017, 98 (4): 631-638.
[18] Frye SK, Ogonowska-Slodownik A, Geigle PR. Aquatic exercise for people with spinal cord injury [J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2017, 98 (1): 195-197.
[19] Mattos F, Leite N, Pitta A, et al. Effects of aquatic exercise on muscle strength and functional performance of individuals with osteoarthritis: a systematic review [J]. RevBras Reumatol Engl Ed, 2016, 56 (6): 530-542.
[20] Dong R, Wu Y, Xu S, et al. Is aquatic exercise more effective than land- based exercise for knee osteoarthritis [J]? Medicine (Baltimore), 2018, 97 (52): e13823.
[21] Bartels EM, Lund H, Hagen KB, et al. Aquatic exercise for the treatment of knee and hip osteoarthritis [J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016, 7 (4): CD005523.
[22] Heywood S, Mc Clelland J, Mentiplay B, et al. Effectiveness of aquatic exercise in improving lower limb strength in musculoskeletal conditions: a systematic review and meta- analysis [J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2017, 98 (1): 173-186.
[23] Waller B, Ogonowska-Słodownik A, Vitor M, et al. The effect of aquatic exercise on physical functioning in the older adult: a systematic review with meta- analysis [J]. Age Ageing, 2016, 45 (5): 593-601.
[24] Bartels EM, Juhl CB, Christensen R, et al. Aquatic exercise for the treatment of knee and hip osteoarthritis [J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016, 3: CD005523.
[25] Adsett JA, Mudge AM, Morris N, et al. Aquatic exercise training and stable heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. Int J Cardiol, 2015, 186: 22-28.
[26] Pires D, Cruz EB, Caeiro C. Aquatic exercise and pain neurophysiology education versus aquatic exercise alone for patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial [J]. Clin Rehabil, 2015, 29 (6): 538-547.
[27] Waller B, Ogonowska- Slodownik A, Vitor M, et al. Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis [J]. Phys Ther, 2014, 94 (10): 1383-1395.
[28] Barker AL, Talevski J, Morello RT, et al. Effectiveness of aquatic exercise for musculoskeletal conditions: a meta-analysis [J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2014, 95 (9): 1776-1786.
[29] Zuo ZQ, Ye S, Liu DN. The principle of the role of rehabilitation exercises in water and its application [J]. Liaoning Sports Science and Technology, 2008, 30 (3): 40-43.
[30] Lu, C. Y.. Rehabilitation effects of aquatic therapy, its mechanism of action and its progress [J]. Modern Rehabilitation, 2001, 5 (8): 22-23.
[31] Li C S, Cui G X, Feng J P, et al. Effect of lower limb power bicycle exercise on walking ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia [J]. Chinese Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2008, 14 (2): 121-123.
[32] Wan XK, Gao CH, Ye CM, et al. Effect of MOTOmed training system on lower limb motor function in hemiplegic patients with cerebral infarction [J]. Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2009, 31 (7): 503-504.
[33] Kuczera M, Kokot F. [The influence of spa therapy on the endo-crine system. II. Erythropoietin] [J]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnętrznej, 1996, 95 (1): 21.
[34] Ardiç F, Ozgen M, Aybek H, et al. Effects of balneotherapy on se-rum IL-1, PGE2 and LTB4 levels in fibromyalgia patients. [J]. Rheumatology International, 2007, 27 (5): 441-446.
[35] Jing LY, Jing LY, Liu M. Correlation between neurological deficits and inflammatory factors in ischemic stroke [J]. Chinese Medical Science, 2013, 3 (6): 215-216.
[36] Bruijn SM, Millard M, van Gestel L, et al. Gait stabilityin children with cerebral palsy [J]. Res Dev Disabil, 2013, 34 (5): 1689-1699.
[37] Fox MD, Delp SL. Contributions of muscles and passivedynamics to swing initiation over a range of walking speeds [J]. J Biomech, 2010, 43 (8): 1450-1455.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Li Xiaohua, Chen Wei, Luo Yi, Liu Yating, Guo Shi, et al. (2021). Study on the Efficacy of Hydrotherapy Exercise Prescription on Walking Ability of Patients with Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Rehabilitation Science, 6(4), 60-65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Li Xiaohua; Chen Wei; Luo Yi; Liu Yating; Guo Shi, et al. Study on the Efficacy of Hydrotherapy Exercise Prescription on Walking Ability of Patients with Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Rehabil. Sci. 2021, 6(4), 60-65. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Li Xiaohua, Chen Wei, Luo Yi, Liu Yating, Guo Shi, et al. Study on the Efficacy of Hydrotherapy Exercise Prescription on Walking Ability of Patients with Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Rehabil Sci. 2021;6(4):60-65. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12,
      author = {Li Xiaohua and Chen Wei and Luo Yi and Liu Yating and Guo Shi and Guo Xueliang and Zhang Xiaopei and Wang Chengshuang and He Xia},
      title = {Study on the Efficacy of Hydrotherapy Exercise Prescription on Walking Ability of Patients with Spastic Cerebral Palsy},
      journal = {Rehabilitation Science},
      volume = {6},
      number = {4},
      pages = {60-65},
      doi = {10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rs.20210604.12},
      abstract = {Objective: Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common type of cerebral palsy and is characterized by increased skeletal muscle tone throughout the body, especially in the lower extremities. Long-term muscle spasticity and muscle strength imbalance can cause different degrees of fixed deformities in the lower extremities of cerebral palsy patients, which can seriously affect their walking ability and even their daily life. In this study, we will conduct hydrotherapy exercise prescription rehabilitation training for patients with spastic cerebral palsy aged 20-40 years old and analyze the effect of hydrotherapy exercise prescription on patients' walking ability using gait analysis system to provide a new idea of treatment for improving walking ability of cerebral palsy patients. Methods: Thirty-two patients with spastic cerebral palsy admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to February 2018 were selected as the experimental group, and a walking tank manufactured by HYDRO PHYSIO, UK, was used to maintain the water temperature at 34-40°C. 32 patients were rehabilitated with hydrotherapy exercise prescription for 8 weeks, 1 time/day, 20-30 min/time. In the experimental group, gait data were collected in Vicon 3D gait analysis system after 8 weeks. The gait data of 32 normal subjects in the control group and the gait data of the experimental group before and after treatment were compared and analyzed to study the effect of hydrotherapy exercise prescription on the walking ability of patients with spastic cerebral palsy aged 20-40 years. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, the patients' gait data in frequency, stride length, stride speed, single support and double support were significantly improved (p < 0.05). Conclusion Hydrotherapy exercise prescription is effective in the treatment of walking ability in patients with spastic cerebral palsy and helps patients' lower limb balance and stability, which is worthy of application and promotion.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Study on the Efficacy of Hydrotherapy Exercise Prescription on Walking Ability of Patients with Spastic Cerebral Palsy
    AU  - Li Xiaohua
    AU  - Chen Wei
    AU  - Luo Yi
    AU  - Liu Yating
    AU  - Guo Shi
    AU  - Guo Xueliang
    AU  - Zhang Xiaopei
    AU  - Wang Chengshuang
    AU  - He Xia
    Y1  - 2021/10/30
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12
    T2  - Rehabilitation Science
    JF  - Rehabilitation Science
    JO  - Rehabilitation Science
    SP  - 60
    EP  - 65
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2637-594X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.12
    AB  - Objective: Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common type of cerebral palsy and is characterized by increased skeletal muscle tone throughout the body, especially in the lower extremities. Long-term muscle spasticity and muscle strength imbalance can cause different degrees of fixed deformities in the lower extremities of cerebral palsy patients, which can seriously affect their walking ability and even their daily life. In this study, we will conduct hydrotherapy exercise prescription rehabilitation training for patients with spastic cerebral palsy aged 20-40 years old and analyze the effect of hydrotherapy exercise prescription on patients' walking ability using gait analysis system to provide a new idea of treatment for improving walking ability of cerebral palsy patients. Methods: Thirty-two patients with spastic cerebral palsy admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to February 2018 were selected as the experimental group, and a walking tank manufactured by HYDRO PHYSIO, UK, was used to maintain the water temperature at 34-40°C. 32 patients were rehabilitated with hydrotherapy exercise prescription for 8 weeks, 1 time/day, 20-30 min/time. In the experimental group, gait data were collected in Vicon 3D gait analysis system after 8 weeks. The gait data of 32 normal subjects in the control group and the gait data of the experimental group before and after treatment were compared and analyzed to study the effect of hydrotherapy exercise prescription on the walking ability of patients with spastic cerebral palsy aged 20-40 years. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, the patients' gait data in frequency, stride length, stride speed, single support and double support were significantly improved (p < 0.05). Conclusion Hydrotherapy exercise prescription is effective in the treatment of walking ability in patients with spastic cerebral palsy and helps patients' lower limb balance and stability, which is worthy of application and promotion.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Sichuan Rehabilitation Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China

  • Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China

  • Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China

  • Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China

  • Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China

  • Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China

  • Chengdu Institute of Physical Education, Chengdu, China

  • College of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China

  • Sichuan Rehabilitation Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China

  • Sections